Primary scientific results of DIMS&PhE in 1995

(See also Publications)

1. Wide range of solutions for dye-lasers was investigated. As a result optimum pumping conditions have been found both for effective two-step resonance excitation of Li atoms in effusion beam with natural isotope content and for selective photoionization of one isotope.

This effect (two-step selective pumping and ionization allows to adjust beam content from natural to full isotope separation. For this purpose the system has been developed, which ensure high monochromatization of dye-laser emission and precise tuning of generated wave length (in experiments with Li spectral range of 2*10^-2 nm was scanned by bandwidth of 2*10^-4 nm).

For precise laser wave length determination a special measuring system has been worked out and created. It ensures wave length measurements with relative error less than 4*10^-7 in whole tunable range.(Ilyin A.M., Moschevykin A.P., Smirnov S.V., Khakhaev A.D.).

This work was carried out on the basis of multipurpose laser set laser set, which has been developed at the Department of Information Measuring Systems and Physical Electronics according to programs "High Technologies" and "Lasers in Industry".

2. Laser radiation interaction with surface of transition metal oxides have been investigated by using DIMS & PhE multipurpose laser set. New data about influence of laser pulse energy, power and wave length on amorphous film crystallization , etching rate of irradiated materials in different solutions and diffraction efficiency of reflecting gratings, obtained in these processes, have been received. The work has been fulfilled in collaboration with Solid State Department. (Ilyin A.M., Kobylin V.I., Pergament A.L., Stephanovich G.B., Khakhaev A.D.).

3. Within the framework of "Infomatization of Russia" program multi-user and multitask environment has been created on the basis of DIMS & PhE LAN. Some versions of hardware and software platforms including, UNIX (OSF/1, Ultrix), MSDOS/Windows , Windows NT have been tested and optimum public resource configuration has been found to prevent user conflicts. This configuration was developed in accordance with the open system technology . Workstations connected with experimental set-up have been included in LAN and proper system software has been selected. (Luizova L.A., Khahaev A.I., Khakhaev A.D.).

4. Thermodynamic and kinetic behavior of fullerenes were studied. It was shown, that the fullerenes in solutions have a trend to the cluster formation. The cluster size distribution function of fullerene clusters in solutions is calculated. It was proved, that the cluster formation trend in fullerene solutions results in concentration dependence of diffusion and thermodiffusion coefficient of fullerenes in solutions. These dependencies can be used as the basis for development of a new diffusional method of separation, enrichment and purification of fullerenes in solutions. The opportunity for development of a new chemical method for fullerene separation was also analyzed. This opportunity is based on the difference in reactivity of fullerene molecules of different kinds relating the reaction of joining the alkali metal atoms to the fullerene molecule in fullerene solution. (Eletskii A.V., Smirnov B.M., Khakhaev A.D.; this work was carried out in collaboration with Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute" and Institute of High Temperature RSA.)

Primary scientific results of DIMS&PhE in 1996

(See also Publications)

1. Unique approach and equipment featured high selectivity and time-of-flight diagnostics system were created to solve the problems of isotope selective photoionization. Tuning of the laser radiation in the given spectral range on the absorption line of an element leads to effective excitation of some sort of isotopes whereas the second (third in case of multistep processes) laser pulse ionizes the atoms. The application of the time-of-flight mass-spectroscopy analysis of the obtained ions increases the overall method sensitivity and affects in higher selectivity of the photoionization processes. The experiments on the isotope spectral separation of Li 6, Li 7 atoms were carried out and their relative contents in pattern were investigated.

2. The concept and then the experimental model of the multitask, multiuser environment which supports physical experiments (in particular on spectral diagnostics of low temperature plasma and on interaction of atomic particles) were developed. It is based on the computer complex, CAMAC equipment, research stands and also on the universal and specific software, involved in the unified heterogeneous system, satisfied to the open system requirements, and in principle appears to be the component of the InterNet.

3. The new model of excited atoms formation under scattering of slow positively charged ions by a surface of a solid was elaborated. Excited atoms arise in this model as the result of oscillation of electron between a solid and an ion. Angle distribution of ions being scattered and variation of ion velocity after scattering have been taken into account. Using the model created it is possible to calculate the dependencies of excited atom yield on binding energy of electron in a given state in atom and on the velocity of incident ions. The comparison of the model with experimental data has been performed.

4. To detect and analyze the spatial characteristics of the ordered structures in low temperature plasma the methodical base used tomography technique was constructed.

Primary scientific results of DIMS&PhE in 1997

(See also Publications)

1. The physical conditions of stable clusters existence in crystalline and liquid droplet phase in heterogeneous plasma were evaluated. The clusters development and degradation criteria concerning the interatomic interaction potentials were found. (by Prof. A. Eletskii)

2. The peculiarities of excited levels populations and spatial distributions of enclosed arc plasma components in metal-haloids vapors were discovered experimentally. These peculiarities correlate to concept of clusters and their existence conditions. (by Prof. A. Khakhaev, Prof. L. Luizova)

3. Isotopic distribution of levels in Li₆ and Li₇ were determined experimentally on the simpler instrument setup with the precision of the world most precise methods. These results were made possible thanks to automation of data acquisition and processing. (by A. Il'in, A. Moschevikin)

4. The coefficient of excited atoms production by slow positive ions beam bombardment of metal surface was calculated. On the basis of experimental data the theoretical model of the research phenomenon was analyzed and proposed the methods of its improvement. (by E.Zhiganov, Prof. A.Eletskii)

5. Multi-user multi-tasking Intranet-like network was developed. This network performs functions of heterogeneous information measurement system and includes experimental setups acting like data sources. The network provides presentation of distributed data to many users, which perform experiments control and their results processing on the experimental setups. (by S.Kiprushkin).

Primary scientific results of DIMS&PhE in 1998

(See also Publications)

1. Obtained data on dependence of excitation cross sections of fast neon atoms (energy range 50-1000 eV) interacting with neutral neon atoms in gas from quantum numbers of neon energy levels (from 3 to 10); they show the necessity of development of the theory of interactions between multielectron atoms, since existing knowledge does not properly describe observed phenomena (Kurskov S.Yu., Petrov Yu.B., Safronov Yu.V.).

2. Developed the ideas on formation of radiation characteristics of arc discharge in complex component medium; found the methods of modeling of spatial distributions of plasma components and their kinetics, giving the opportunity to describe the results of experiments on optical diagnostics of plasma (Prof. Luizova L.A., Prof. Khakhaev A.D.).

3. Invesigated heterogeneous net (of Internet/Intranet type) with information sources, based on module-bus research crates; found ways and means for integration of the obtained information in common database of automated information measurement system (Kiprushkin S.A.).

4. Investigated the possibilities of LabVIEW introduction for creation of systems for technological applications; built the system of simulation modeling of technological process of pulp preparation in paper production; constructed the optical spectrometer control system based on LabVIEW (Ekimov D.A., Prof. Khakhaev A.D.).

Primary scientific results of DIMS&PhE in 2000

(See also Publications)

1. Influence of dusty particles on spectroscopic characteristics of glow discharge in Ne was experimentally investigated. Model of this phenomenon was also elaborated (prof. Luizova L.A., post-graduate student Podriadchikov S.F., prof. Khakhaev A.D.).

2. New experimental data concerning excitation characteristics of multielectron atoms (Ne) in atom-atom collisions with energy range from threshold up to 1 keV were obtained (Kurskov S.Yu., prof. Khakhaev A.D.).

3. Some modules of the user LabView interface designed for scientific work and optic-spectral researches were created (post-graduate student Ekimov K.A., Prof. Luizova L.A., post-graduate student Prihodchenko R.V., prof. Khakhaev A.D.).

4. Unique software based on Web-technologies for remote access in multiuser mode to the CAMAC equipment was developed by Kiprushkin S.A., Kurskov S.Yu. Zhiganov E.D.

5. There have been made an effective algorithm and software for development of adequate models of the formation of plasma emitting characteristics based on of large primary arrays of the experimentally measured contours of spectral lines (in conditions of noise and hardware distortions) (Prof. Luizova L.A., Soloviev A.V., Prof. Khakhaev A.D.).

Primary scientific results of DIMS&PhE in 2001

(See also Publications)

1. The structure of distributed information measurement system for remote control of physical experiment was developed. The system includes communication server, equipment control servers (CAMAC, GPIB, MCS-96 microcontroller), web server for monitoring, and clients. The communication server provides multi-user environment and resources sharing among several clients. The system is based on TCP/IP stack and can be integrated into the global network. At the moment the CAMAC-server and GPIB-server were implemented. They provide an actual access to corresponding instrument interfaces. (by S. Gavrilov, S. Kiprushkin, S. Kurskov, E. Zhiganov)

2. The excitation spectra of Ne I at collisions of low-energy Neon atoms were researched in the interval of 260-795 nm. The excitation cross-sections of some spectral lines and polarization functions of 2p⁵3p-2p⁵ns, 2p⁵3s-2p⁵np, and 2p⁵3p-2p⁵nd crossings (3≤n≤11) were evaluated at collision energies up to 500 eV. The serial dependencies were analyzed, the role of various methods of population of the levels was evaluated. (by S. Kurskov)

3. For the first time the influence of plasma crystal on spectroscopic parameters of glow discharge in Neon was researched (at pressure of 0.4 Torr, and direct current of 1.2-2.4 mA). The crystal appeared in the head of strata. The crystal was formed by polydispersed Al₂O₃ particles of 2-3 μ and concentration of 10⁴ cm^-3. It was shown, that absolute intensity of Neon spectral lines corresponding to 2p⁵3p-2p⁵3s crossings varied from 2% up to 19% when the particles was thrown into. This variation depends on discharge current. The reabsorption variation by means of "mirror behind the tube" method allowed to evaluate upper bound of metastable atoms concentration (<10¹¹ cm^-3), and to prove the absence of significant influence of dispersion on particles and absorption by them on intensity in these conditions. The theoretical model of this process was proposed, and on its basis the evaluations of this phenomenon were performed. These evaluations correspond to the experiment. The significant broadening (abt 3%) of brightness lines profile was discovered when the particles was thrown into. (by Prof. L. Luizova, S. Podryadchikov, Prof. A. Khakhaev)

4. The automated software and hardware complex for heterogeneous non-stationary plasma diagnostics was developed and put into operation. The complex is based on LabView and has the possibility of remote control. The variants of the complex were implemented on various spectroscopic setups: DFS-12 spectrometer, and scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer with ISP-51 monochromator. The original software for data acquisition and processing was developed. The software can be extended for similar hardware based on LabView and CAMAC. (by K. Ekimov, Prof. L. Luizova, R. Prikhodchenko)

Primary scientific results of DIMS&PhE in 2002

(See also Publications)

1. The excitation spectra of Ar I in collisions of Argon low-energy atoms with Argon target were researched by means of optical spectroscopy methods. First excitation cross sections of spectral lines for 3p⁵4s-3p⁵np crossings in Ar I (4≤n≤6) at collision eneries corresponding to the conditions of adiabatic approach application were acquired from these spectra. (by S. Kurskov)

2. For the first time the rational algorithm of collective processing was applied to the array of contours of heterogeneous plasma (high-pressure arc) spectral lines. The data were acquired by means of automated setup on the basis of LabView. The algorithm is significantly more stable to noise and experimental errors when two improperly posed problems are being solved: reduction to ideal instrument and radial transform. The acquired arrays of contours of elementary plasma volumes at various distances from the axis were used for evaluation of electron and normal atoms concentration spatial distribution by Stark shifts and resonance broadening. (by Prof. A. Khakhaev, Prof. L.Luizova, K. Ekimov)

3. Further development of distributed information measurement system for experimental research support was performed. This system provides remote access to information and hardware resources of experimental setup through Intranet/Internet. The system includes communication server, equipment control servers (CAMAC, GPIB, MCS-96 microcontroller), web server for monitoring, and clients. The application protocols for communication server and equipment control servers were developed. CAMAC and GPIB control servers were modified according to the the new protocols. MCS-96 control server was created. The debugging client was developed. The system was tested. (by S. Gavrilov, S. Kiprushkin, S. Kurskov, E. Zhiganov)

4. Simple protocol for data transfer in distributed information acquisition systems was developed (DTP/DIA). This protocol corresponds to the 6^th and the 7^th levels of OSI/RM. The DTP/DIA supports measurement information source identification. Due to its simplicity it can be implemented in even dumb measurement devices firmware. This protocol was tested in the network of temperature sensors thermo.karelia.ru (by A. Soloviev, A. Moschevikin, A. Korol'kov)

5. On the basis of Simulation and Elimination of Instrument Distortion Software the web service was implemented for 2D-functions processing. This service is proposed as the hardware-independent software package for simulation and elimination of instrument distortion of 2D-functions (pictures). This service is a public educational and scientific instrument. (by A. Soloviev, Prof. L. Luizova)